My flash player debugger had simply stopped working in Chrome without warning. It turns out that Flash Player comes bundled as a plugin with Chrome now and you have to visit chrome://plugins to disable it. The only way to install a new Flash Player version for Chrome is to disable the old one, shut down chrome, run the Flash Player installer, and then restart Chrome.
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When you're done, check out this Flash Player version test page from Adobe to make sure everything worked.
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